In 2020, the Australian Parliament formed the Senate Select Committee on Australia as a Technology and Financial Centre, tasked with exploring blockchain technologies, Fintech, and RegTech.
Dr. Oleksii Konashevych submitted his opinion paper about Blockchain Estate Registry (Find Submission #186 on the Parliament of Australia website or download directly via the provided link) and was invited to appear before the Committee to present his development. Dr. Konashevych's academic research outcomes and conclusions formed the basis for the Committee's recommendation to the Federal Cabinet to consider launching a blockchain pilot with the land registry.
5.34 Dr Oleksii Konashevych provided information on his research on the application of blockchain technology to land titles. He found that, using blockchain, 'public bodies can retain the traditional amount of power' but also citizens are given 'direct access to manage their records by performing peer-to-peer transactions'. [49] Dr Konashevych detailed that such a system would allow the public direct access to their property records, rather than needing to go through the registrar as intermediary. He further explained:
...blockchain is fundamentally different because it's open by default, and so the proprietors, the owners of any property—title rights are just an example; it can be any property rights—can directly interact with their property rights and manage these records that represent their property. Why the registrar is inefficient is that, when there is a centralised database closed by default and it's mediated through other people, it's a bottleneck. [50]
5.35 Existing closed database systems don't allow smart contracts or 'automation and interaction by many interested parties, like banks, insurance companies, landowners and developers'. By contrast, with an open infrastructure like blockchain it is 'possible to introduce these sorts of things, with digital rights operating with smart contracts.’ [51] Dr Konashevych estimated that the use of blockchain in land registries would reduce the work of registrars by 90 per cent. [52]
5.36 Dr Konashevych told the committee that there would be 'lots of advantages, including attracting investments from all over the world' for early adopters of these technologies. [53] He advocated for Australia adopting blockchain in the land registry as a pilot, which would not require amending or adopting new legislation. He did however consider that the 'full power of the technology' could be achieved only by changes in regulations. [54]
7.59 The committee recommends that National Cabinet consider supporting a blockchain land registry initiative as a pilot project for Commonwealth-State cooperation on RegTech.
The following year, an initiative group led by lawyer Cristian Moore and chaired by Kerry Roxbourgh formed a partnership with a number of institutions and individuals, including CSIRO’s Data61, RMIT Blockchain Innovation Hub, Macquarie University, and the Future Currency Group, among others. The collaboration resulted in the creation of the Australian Institute for Digital Transformation, whose CEO became Dr. Oleksii Konashevych. The taskforce proposed to members of the Commonwealth (states and territories) a collaboration to run pilots with their land registries. The Minister for Digital of New South Wales, Mr. Victor Dominello, expressed his interest in supporting the project. However, the initiative faced an impediment, as there was another stakeholder in the state’s land system. Since its privatisation in 2017, the land title registry has been operated by a private company that eventually showed no interest in innovation. After Federal and state elections in 2022, the new governments no longer supported the project, and so the taskforce disbanded.
Youbte Channel by Dr Oleksii Konashevych
Since 2017, Australia has privatized four out of its eight state and territory land registries, with an additional one being incorporated in 2021 but still under government-operated control:
New South Wales - Granted a 35-year concession in 2017
South Australia - Granted a 40-year concession in 2017
Victoria - Granted a 40-year concession in 2018
Western Australia - Granted a 40-year concession in 2019
Queensland - Granted a 50-year concession in 2021, though it remains under government-operated funds for the time being.
Learn more about privatization of land registries in Australia in this Youtube video.